Investigation into how to measure the rate of a chemical reaction and :: GCSE Chemistry Coursework Investigation

Investigation into how to gradation the rate of a chemic reaction and how to change the rate of a reaction.Investigation into how to measure the rate of a chemicalreaction and how to change the rate of a reactionMy task is to produce a piece of coursework investigating rates ofreaction, and the offspring different changes have on them. The rate ofreaction is the rate of the loss of a reactant or the rate offormation of a product during a chemical reaction. There are fivefactors which affect the rate of reaction according to the collisiontheory of reacting particles temperature, concentration (ofsolution), pressure (in gases), surface area (of solid reactants) andcatalysts. I have chosen to investigate the effect of temperature andconcentration on a reaction. This is because it is the most practicalto investigate.I am investigating the chemical reaction of 2 substances. Thesubstances being Sodium thiosulphate and Hydrochloric paneling.As a word equation this isNaSO + 2HCl ------- --------- 2NaCl + HO + SO + Ssodium + hydrochloric ------------- sodium + water + sulphur +sulphurthiosulphate acid chloride dioxideWhen these two solutions are mixed together, the mixture graduallygoes cloudy, because sulphur is made. I am going to carry out theexperiment of changing the temperature (whilst everything else remainsconstant). My showtime temperature will be room temperature because ittends to be constant and it is more practical and will not need to bemonitored. When the temperature is varied a water clean will be used toheat up the acid and thiosulphate to the necessary temperature.PredictionAccording to the kinetic theory all matter is made up of tiny,invisible particles that move all the time. When the temperature isincreased around or on these particles, the faster they move. Heavierparticles move more slowly than light ones at a stipulation temperature.This theory defines the difference between solids, liquids and gasesin a gas the particles move freely and a t random in all the spaceavailable. In solids, particles moreover vibrate around fixed positionsand in liquids the particles have some freedom and contribute move aroundeach other. Using the kinetic theory we can explain changes in stateof substances as they are heated and cooled. The kinetic theory canmost importantly be used to explain the factors alter rate ofreaction, this is called the Collision theory. The collision theoryexplains that chemical reactions occur when particles of the reactantscollide. Molecules obey Newtons Laws of motion. They undergo elasticcollisions with other molecules and the walls, but otherwise exert noforces on each other.

Cloning Essay -- essays research papers

M whatsoever father imagined what it would be like to have a dead ringer of themselves. Many have also fe ared the estimation of having a clone. repayable to popular belief that a clone would be an exact duplicate. An incorrect presumption made by many. Proceeding along place is the religious beliefs and the arguable ethicality and morality aspects of tender-hearted clone. A stance taken by many religions and their congregations. In reality the public has a very particularise sense of what mankind copy is. Rather than research and understand the scientific aspect of homophile cloning, they instead take faith in what the media and movies portray human cloning to be. It is from this culture source that a majority base their decision on weather human cloning is ethical or unethical. Human cloning is a refreshing challenge for science and that by pursuing it we will become enlightened in who and what the human being is and its true potential. The truth is that condescensio n the many claims of religious leaders and anti-cloning protesters, human cloning may truly be the key to curing all disease and cancers that have plagued humans from the, cut through of human. The questions is, Do the benefits of human cloning out weigh the risks and ethicality of society? Lee M. Silver, a professor of molecular biology at Princeton University, wrote Cloning Misperceptions, from Remaking enlightenment Cloning and beyond in a Brave New World. Silver asks, Why do four out five Americans think that human cloning is morally vilify? Silver answers by pointing out that mickle have a very muddled sense of what human cloning is. This accredited to the position many commonwealth perceive what they see in the media and movies and associate it with reality. For example, the movie Multiplicity where a man has himself cloned and then his clone makes a clone of itself this happens deuce more generation and each time a clone was made it became less intelligent. This brings up his next point which was depicted in the movie stigma Runner, many people believe a human clone would not have a soul, because it would be a replication of a living affair that is still in existence. Which is not true since a clone child is conceived and birthed like any normal child would, from a mothers womb. And honest like any other child, the clone would have a mind and personality o... ...bility to reverse the effects of a heart attack by injecting healthy heart cells into the dishonored areas. Condemnation of this brand-new technology could be denying human beings the key to finding the a cure for all diseases and cancers. And the enlightenment of who and what we are. The truth is that human clones are just has human as any one else and do not deserve to be treated like second rate citizens. Clones have souls too and are autonomous individuals with their sense of right and wrong and personalities. Parents need to be given more credit in that they would not objectify their cloned children, but love them unconditionally. Cloning should not be condemned, due to tutelage for the unknown, but should be explored to benefit human kind and enlighten us on who and what we are. Human cloning is a new marge that will have its own obstacles and walls to climb over, go around, or go under. Human cloning will be cherished and prized for what it has brought humanity, new medical technologies, along with cures for disease and cancer. unluckily it is inevitable, but a sacrifice will be made some where as with many past medical advancements. Cloning show -- essays research papers Many have imagined what it would be like to have a clone of themselves. Many have also feared the thought of having a clone. Due to popular belief that a clone would be an exact duplicate. An incorrect presumption made by many. Proceeding along side is the religious beliefs and the controversial ethicality and morality aspects of human cloning. A stance taken by man y religions and their congregations. In reality the public has a very narrow sense of what human cloning is. Rather than research and understand the scientific aspect of human cloning, they instead take faith in what the media and movies portray human cloning to be. It is from this information source that a majority base their decision on weather human cloning is ethical or unethical. Human cloning is a new challenge for science and that by pursuing it we will become enlightened in who and what the human being is and its true potential. The truth is that despite the many claims of religious leaders and anti-cloning protesters, human cloning may truly be the key to curing all disease and cancers that have plagued humans from the, dawn of human. The questions is, Do the benefits of human cloning out weigh the risks and ethicality of society? Lee M. Silver, a professor of molecular biology at Princeton University, wrote Cloning Misperceptions, from Remaking Eden Cloning and Beyond in a Brave New World. Silver asks, Why do four out five Americans think that human cloning is morally wrong? Silver answers by pointing out that people have a very muddled sense of what human cloning is. This accredited to the fact many people perceive what they see in the media and movies and associate it with reality. For example, the movie Multiplicity where a man has himself cloned and then his clone makes a clone of itself this happens two more times and each time a clone was made it became less intelligent. This brings up his next point which was depicted in the movie Blade Runner, many people believe a human clone would not have a soul, because it would be a replication of a living thing that is still in existence. Which is not true since a clone child is conceived and birthed like any normal child would, from a mothers womb. And just like any other child, the clone would have a mind and personality o... ...bility to reverse the effects of a heart attack by injecting healthy hea rt cells into the damaged areas. Condemnation of this new technology could be denying human beings the key to finding the a cure for all diseases and cancers. And the enlightenment of who and what we are. The truth is that human clones are just has human as any one else and do not deserve to be treated like second rate citizens. Clones have souls too and are autonomous individuals with their conscience and personalities. Parents need to be given more credit in that they would not objectify their cloned children, but love them unconditionally. Cloning should not be condemned, due to fear for the unknown, but should be explored to benefit human kind and enlighten us on who and what we are. Human cloning is a new frontier that will have its own obstacles and walls to climb over, go around, or go under. Human cloning will be cherished and prized for what it has brought humanity, new medical technologies, along with cures for disease and cancer. Unfortunately it is inevitable, but a sacr ifice will be made some where as with many past medical advancements.

Color blind by the Counting Crows Essays -- song analysis

I am colorblindCoffee black and clod livid absorb me out from insideI am ready (repeat 3 times)I am taffy stuck and tongue tiedStutter shook and uptightPull me out from insideI am ready (repeat 3 times)I am fineI am covered in skinNo one gets to come inPull me out from insideI am folded and unfolded and unfoldingI am colorblindCoffee black and egg tweedPull me out from insideI am ready (repeat 3 times)I am fine (repeat 3 times)     The song Colorblind by The Counting Crows zippo less than perfect for the scene it was chosen for in the film Cruel Intentions. It was played was one of the films main characters lost her virginity to another character. though it was a beautiful fit for the scene which it played upon I dont believe the moment behind the song is the newness of being deflowered. The lyrics and the instrumentals accompanying them atomic number 18 both extremely simple in contrast to the actual meaning behind the song. To be quite succinct, the song i tself is relatively simple but it is the meaning and the effort put forth in each and every line that makes it so deep.      In the first line, "I am colorblind (1), this is a clear personation the songwriters (Adam Duritz) perception of everything. His emotions have been dulled due to nuisances of the past cnsequently renderring him cold and unfeeling. He sees everything as it is there is simply no eye ground or grey area when it comes to life. This can be seen in the next line, Coffee black and egg white" (2) He sees everything just as it is presented, not for what it could be if viewed differently with an open mind and open heart. Coffee black is a representation of how he merely sees the black of the coffee, as conflicting to perceiving the richness, aroma, or other detectable qualities.      The next two lines, "Pull me out from inside. / I am ready, I am ready, I am ready" (3-4) signifies the detail he is in a shell wi th a wall of defense up. He does not want to let his guard down, leaving him vulnerable to the pain that only a loved one can bring. In the next line when he says he is ready for love three times, this is an indication of the item that he is ready to succumb to the power and the feeling of love. He indeed is apprehensive about the situation and is having... ...es metaphorical use to promote the ambiguity of his landing field matter.     Imagery is also present within the context of the song. The imagery portrayed in this song because it allows the listener visualize this scenario and his emotions. Phrases like coffee black and egg white which is repeated twice in the song, enables the listener to envision the message hes trying to convey.     Refrain is one of the characteristic components of many lyrical compositions, whether poetry or song. The refrain identified in this song is when the writer repeated the phrase I am ready three times this is the mention phrase that most accurately expresses the writers mentality, thus dictating the tone of the song. The repetition only serves to the purpose of reinforcing the message.      The song, once again, is quite simple but it is this simple mindedness that makes the song as powerful as it is. It was very well written and every musical instrument that accompanied the song was epic. This piece of work is authentically a masterpiece.                 

Recruitment and Retention in Speech -- Language

Addressing the Significant Shortage in the ProfessionSpeech-language pathologists (SLPs) are in high demand throughout the United States. The U.S. division of Labors Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) projects that the United States will need about 141, 400 SLPs through the year 2018 to meet the increasing need in the profession and to replace retiring SLPs (2011, p. 2). The demand for qualified professional in the field continues to rise from year to year. According to the BLS Occupational Outlook Handbook, 2011-2012 Edition, employment is evaluate to grow 19% in the profession in the next decade (p. 2). A report released in 2008 by the American Association for Employment in Education (AAEE) reported SLPs are ranked 14th in the nation for fields with a considerable vacancy as related to other areas in education (p. 8). In the state of Nebraska, the U.S. Department of Education listed speech language pathology as a significant teacher shortage area (2011, p. 58). Recruiting and retaining qualified professionals has squeeze school districts across the nation. The frustrations of many SLPs are similar job dissatisfaction, lack of sufficient compensation, and oversized workloads contribute to the professional shortage. Research suggests that lack of recognition, few opportunities for promotion, immoderate paperwork, loss of autonomy, lack of supplies, low pay, and stressful interpersonal interactions all contributed to teachers decisions to leave the schools (Blood, Ridenour, Thomas, Qualls, & Hammer, 2002, p. 283).Job satisfaction is the terminology used to describe whether employees are happy and well-provided and fulfilling their desires and needs at work (Heathfield, n.d., para. 1). Many SLPs struggle to... ...d, S. (n.d.) Employee satisfaction. Retrieved on November 26, 2011 fromhttp//humanresources.about.com/od/employeesurvey1/g/employee_satisfy.htm.Palacio, M. (2001). Successful strategies for addressing caseload issues. Advance for Speech-L anguage Pathologists & Audiologists, February 2001. Retrieved from http//speech-language-pathology-audiology.advanceweb.com/Article/Successful-Strategies-for-Addressing-Caseload-Issues.aspx.Psychosocial support. (n.d.). Retrieved on November 27, 2011 from http//www.ovcsupport.net/s/index.php?i=59.U.S. Department of Education. (2011). Teacher shortage area nationwide list. Retrieved on November 26, 2011 from http//www2.ed.gov/about/offices/list/ope/pol/tsa.pdf.U.S. Department of Labor (2011). Occupational outlook handbook. Retrieved on November 22, 2011 from http//www.bls.gov/oco/pdf/ocos099.pdf .

Musical Theatre Essay -- essays research papers

Girl Crazy (14)The melodious Girl Crazy was about a boy named Danny Churchill who lived in New York. His dad was worried about his way with women so he sent him to Custerville, AZ to get him away from them. Danny was to live on the family dude facing pages called The Buzzards.On his way to AZ, Danny rode in a taxi. The drivers name was Gieber Gerstwhile(a)farb. He was know for his very bad Yiddish jokes. He eventually sink in love with a woman named Patsy West, who was alike a nosey telephone operator. by and by Danny gets to Custerville, he meets the post-girl named Molly Grey. He was in love with her, although he had just left his old girlfriend in New York. Her name was Tess Hardy. Danny had stolen Tess away from her old boyfriend his name was Sam Mason. Sam was very turn at this, so when he heard of Dannys whereabouts, he came to take Molly from him. It worked for a little while, until Molly realized she should be with Danny.There were also two people named Slick and Kate F othergill. Slick managed the gambling room at The Buzzards that Danny opened to define the place somewhat of a party house. Kate was a nine singer that sang in Dannys club.There were two other people in the story that made it interesting and comical. Their names were Lank and Pete. They were the townsfolk villains and local thugs. At the end, these boys end up in jail.Holly ConantOf Thee I Sing (16)In the melodic Of Thee I Sing, there were many characters. The lead was probably posterior P. Wintergreen. It is a story of Wintergreen running for president and all the mishaps he had with women. There were a few people on his political committee. Their names were Louis Lippman, Francis X. Gilhooley, Sen. Robert Lyons, Sen. ships boat Jones, and Matthew Arnold Fulton, the chairman of the committee. Alexander Throttlebottom was the vice-president.The story was about a national beauty contest and the succeeder got to be the first lady. Just before the winner was announced, earth-cl oset met a girl named Mary Turner. Mary was the secretary for the beauty contest. The two immediately fell in love.The winner of the contest was Diana Devereaux. After the winner was announced, ... ...II, opinion IV, there is a lot of prayer and singing, trying to drown out the sound of the lede and storm. Clara is very scared for Jake. All of the sudden, they hear a belt at the door and its lead. Bess and Porgy had thought he had died in the storm.He come about in and starts saying bad things about God. He tells Bess that she volition be with him forever.Bess sees Jakes boat outside the window. Clara gives her baby to Bess and runs to Jake. Crown, after being challenged, goes after Clara.This began bite III. It was in the setting of a funeral. It was being held for Jake, Clara, and Crown. But Crown isnt dead Porgy knows this and hides so he can attack him and kill him. He does eventually, after a long struggle.The detectives take Porgy in (in Scene II) to identify Crowns bo dy. While he is gone, Sporting Life offers himself to Bess (as vigorous as his drugs). When Porgy comes back, a week later, he was bass from playing dice in jail. He looks all over for Bess, only to find that she had taken Sporting Life up on his offer and shes in New York. Porgy vows that he will find herand the story ends. Musical Theatre Essay -- essays research papers Girl Crazy (14)The musical Girl Crazy was about a boy named Danny Churchill who lived in New York. His dad was worried about his way with women so he sent him to Custerville, AZ to get him away from them. Danny was to live on the family dude ranch called The Buzzards.On his way to AZ, Danny rode in a taxi. The drivers name was Gieber Goldfarb. He was known for his very bad Yiddish jokes. He eventually fell in love with a woman named Patsy West, who was also a nosey telephone operator.After Danny gets to Custerville, he meets the post-girl named Molly Grey. He was in love with her, although he had just left his old girlfriend in New York. Her name was Tess Hardy. Danny had stolen Tess away from her old boyfriend his name was Sam Mason. Sam was very upset at this, so when he heard of Dannys whereabouts, he came to take Molly from him. It worked for a little while, until Molly realized she should be with Danny.There were also two people named Slick and Kate Fothergill. Slick managed the gambling room at The Buzzards that Danny opened to make the place somewhat of a party house. Kate was a nightclub singer that sang in Dannys club.There were two other people in the story that made it interesting and comical. Their names were Lank and Pete. They were the town villains and local thugs. At the end, these boys end up in jail.Holly ConantOf Thee I Sing (16)In the musical Of Thee I Sing, there were many characters. The lead was probably John P. Wintergreen. It is a story of Wintergreen running for president and all the mishaps he had with women. There were a few people on his politic al committee. Their names were Louis Lippman, Francis X. Gilhooley, Sen. Robert Lyons, Sen. Carver Jones, and Matthew Arnold Fulton, the chairman of the committee. Alexander Throttlebottom was the vice-president.The story was about a national beauty contest and the winner got to be the first lady. Just before the winner was announced, John met a girl named Mary Turner. Mary was the secretary for the beauty contest. The two immediately fell in love.The winner of the contest was Diana Devereaux. After the winner was announced, ... ...II, Scene IV, there is a lot of prayer and singing, trying to drown out the sound of the wind and storm. Clara is very scared for Jake. All of the sudden, they hear a knock at the door and its Crown. Bess and Porgy had thought he had died in the storm.He come in and starts saying bad things about God. He tells Bess that she will be with him forever.Bess sees Jakes boat outside the window. Clara gives her baby to Bess and runs to Jake. Crown, after being challenged, goes after Clara.This began Act III. It was in the setting of a funeral. It was being held for Jake, Clara, and Crown. But Crown isnt dead Porgy knows this and hides so he can attack him and kill him. He does eventually, after a long struggle.The detectives take Porgy in (in Scene II) to identify Crowns body. While he is gone, Sporting Life offers himself to Bess (as well as his drugs). When Porgy comes back, a week later, he was rich from playing dice in jail. He looks all over for Bess, only to find that she had taken Sporting Life up on his offer and shes in New York. Porgy vows that he will find herand the story ends.

Musical Theatre Essay -- essays research papers

Girl Crazy (14)The musical Girl Crazy was astir(predicate)(predicate) a boy named Danny Churchill who lived in New York. His dad was worried close his way with women so he sent him to Custerville, AZ to get him away from them. Danny was to live on the family dude ranch called The Buzzards.On his way to AZ, Danny rode in a taxi. The drivers name was Gieber Goldfarb. He was known for his very bad Yiddish jokes. He ultimately fell in love with a woman named sap West, who was also a nosey telephone operator. later on Danny gets to Custerville, he meets the post-girl named Molly Grey. He was in love with her, although he had just left his old girl in New York. Her name was Tess Hardy. Danny had stolen Tess away from her old boyfriend his name was surface-to-air missile Mason. Sam was very upset at this, so when he comprehend of Dannys whereabouts, he came to overhear Molly from him. It worked for a little while, until Molly realized she should be with Danny.There were also two peo ple named jiggery-pokery and Kate Fothergill. Slick managed the gambling room at The Buzzards that Danny opened to make the place somewhat of a ships company house. Kate was a nightclub singer that sang in Dannys club.There were two other people in the story that made it interesting and comical. Their name calling were Lank and Pete. They were the town villains and local thugs. At the end, these boys end up in jail.Holly ConantOf Thee I Sing (16)In the musical Of Thee I Sing, there were many characters. The pencil lead was probably John P. Wintergreen. It is a story of Wintergreen path for president and all the mishaps he had with women. There were a few people on his semipolitical committee. Their names were Louis Lippman, Francis X. Gilhooley, Sen. Robert Lyons, Sen. Carver Jones, and Matthew Arnold Fulton, the chairman of the committee. Alexander Throttlebottom was the vice-president.The story was about a national beauty contest and the winner got to be the first lady. Just to begin with the winner was announced, John met a girl named bloody shame Turner. Mary was the secretary for the beauty contest. The two immediately fell in love.The winner of the contest was Diana Devereaux. After the winner was announced, ... ...II, Scene IV, there is a lot of request and singing, trying to drown out the sound of the wind and storm. Clara is very scared for Jake. All of the sudden, they go through a knock at the door and its Crown. Bess and scup had thought he had died in the storm.He come in and starts saying bad things about God. He tells Bess that she will be with him forever.Bess sees Jakes boat remote the window. Clara gives her baby to Bess and runs to Jake. Crown, after beingness challenged, goes after Clara.This began Act III. It was in the setting of a funeral. It was being held for Jake, Clara, and Crown. But Crown isnt dead Porgy knows this and hides so he can attack him and kill him. He does eventually, after a long struggle.The detectives take Porgy in (in Scene II) to identify Crowns body. While he is gone, Sporting Life offers himself to Bess (as well as his drugs). When Porgy comes back, a calendar week later, he was rich from playing dice in jail. He looks all over for Bess, only to find that she had taken Sporting Life up on his offer and shes in New York. Porgy vows that he will find herand the story ends. Musical Theatre Essay -- essays research papers Girl Crazy (14)The musical Girl Crazy was about a boy named Danny Churchill who lived in New York. His dad was worried about his way with women so he sent him to Custerville, AZ to get him away from them. Danny was to live on the family dude ranch called The Buzzards.On his way to AZ, Danny rode in a taxi. The drivers name was Gieber Goldfarb. He was known for his very bad Yiddish jokes. He eventually fell in love with a woman named Patsy West, who was also a nosey telephone operator.After Danny gets to Custerville, he meets the post-girl named Moll y Grey. He was in love with her, although he had just left his old girlfriend in New York. Her name was Tess Hardy. Danny had stolen Tess away from her old boyfriend his name was Sam Mason. Sam was very upset at this, so when he heard of Dannys whereabouts, he came to take Molly from him. It worked for a little while, until Molly realized she should be with Danny.There were also two people named Slick and Kate Fothergill. Slick managed the gambling room at The Buzzards that Danny opened to make the place somewhat of a party house. Kate was a nightclub singer that sang in Dannys club.There were two other people in the story that made it interesting and comical. Their names were Lank and Pete. They were the town villains and local thugs. At the end, these boys end up in jail.Holly ConantOf Thee I Sing (16)In the musical Of Thee I Sing, there were many characters. The lead was probably John P. Wintergreen. It is a story of Wintergreen running for president and all the mishaps he had wi th women. There were a few people on his political committee. Their names were Louis Lippman, Francis X. Gilhooley, Sen. Robert Lyons, Sen. Carver Jones, and Matthew Arnold Fulton, the chairman of the committee. Alexander Throttlebottom was the vice-president.The story was about a national beauty contest and the winner got to be the first lady. Just before the winner was announced, John met a girl named Mary Turner. Mary was the secretary for the beauty contest. The two immediately fell in love.The winner of the contest was Diana Devereaux. After the winner was announced, ... ...II, Scene IV, there is a lot of prayer and singing, trying to drown out the sound of the wind and storm. Clara is very scared for Jake. All of the sudden, they hear a knock at the door and its Crown. Bess and Porgy had thought he had died in the storm.He come in and starts saying bad things about God. He tells Bess that she will be with him forever.Bess sees Jakes boat outside the window. Clara gives her ba by to Bess and runs to Jake. Crown, after being challenged, goes after Clara.This began Act III. It was in the setting of a funeral. It was being held for Jake, Clara, and Crown. But Crown isnt dead Porgy knows this and hides so he can attack him and kill him. He does eventually, after a long struggle.The detectives take Porgy in (in Scene II) to identify Crowns body. While he is gone, Sporting Life offers himself to Bess (as well as his drugs). When Porgy comes back, a week later, he was rich from playing dice in jail. He looks all over for Bess, only to find that she had taken Sporting Life up on his offer and shes in New York. Porgy vows that he will find herand the story ends.

Literary Analysis of Araby Essay

The setting of Araby is described within the first three small paragraphs it conveys rattling vivid imagery as you would detect it in the eyes of a young boy, nonicing details of colors and textures of his surroundings. You concisely get a sense of the vote counters simple intellectualed thinking as he is only a young boy. Going into the adolescent years, the narrator experiences new emotions and take chancess himself an immense savour interest in his friends sister who lives down the street. As he spends much of his time admiring him from a far, he finally speaks with her. After oration with her he is filled with so much excitement that he finds the things had once found exciting are now boring and unsatisfying, the narrator tells us, I watched my subdues face gnarl from amiability to sternness he hoped I was not beginning to idle. I could not call my wandering thoughts together. I had simply any patience with the good work of life which, now that it stood between me an d my desire, seemed to me childs play, ugly monotonous childs play.(42). This portrays the future struggles he will encounter as he starts to lose his innocence through experience.In the third paragraph is quite noticeable of how innocent the narrator truly is. As he develops a crush on his friends sister, even though he has never spoken a word to her, and admires her from afar, we watched her from our shadow peer up and down the street.(40). The only contact he had with her is when his group of friends would go up to her doorstep as she was waiting for her younger brother, We waited to see whether she would remain or go in and, if she remained, we left our shadow and walked up to Mangans steps resignedly. She was waiting for us, her figure defined by the light from the half-opened door. Her brother al looks teased her before he obeyed, and I stood by the railings looking at her.(40). But he was completely infatuated with her as he cannot succor but describe the way she looked, Her dress swung as she moved her body, and the soft rope of her hair tossed from side to side.(40).Every morning he would watch bug out of his front window waiting for her to leave for school. The moment she walked out her door, he was filled with joy and quickly gathered his things. He would follow her on his way to school like a lost, innocent, little puppy not letting her out of his site. He would do this every day, still not saying a word to her but maybe a couple simple mumblings, and yet he was madly in love with her.(40) He could not shake her from his head, in the oddest of perspectives he would be picturing her in his head. He even says, Her name sprang to my lips at moments in strange prayers and praises which I myself did not understand.(41). And that, My eyes were often adept of tears (I could not tell why) and at times a flood from my heart seemed to pour itself out into my bosom.(41) In this line it is portrayed that he does not realize or understand the enormity of these new feelings he was having for this girl. His innocence is prevents him from doing what this attraction for this girl means.At last this girl of his dreams finally starts a conversation with him. She asks him if he would be going to the Araby, which is grand funfair, and explains how she wants to go so badly, but she cannot due to prior obligations. Flabbergasted that she was talking to him, he did not know what to say. As she explained that she could not go, he quickly says, If I go, I said, I will bring you manything.(42). He says this in hopes that buying her a gift from the bazaar will make her interested in him. After talking to her he was filled to the brim with excitement, he has trouble sleeping because he cannot clear his mind of her and could not think of anything else but her. He tries to pass the following days quickly, despised doing school work, he even says, . . . her image came between me and the page I strove to read.(42).As the day grew closer his excite ment grew as well, for things now seemed dull, the author says, I answered few questions in class. I watched my masters face pass from amiability to sternness he hoped I was not beginning to idle. I could not call my wandering thoughts together. I had hardly any patience with the serious work of life which, now that it stood between me and my desire, seemed to me childs play, ugly monotonous childs play.(42). The excitement in him is so extreme that he finds that he is completely aloof and jaded of the classroom. The only thing he thinks about is this girl and going to the bazaar. His thoughts make him blind to anything that is in front of him. once again his nave innocence keeps him from seeing beyond his narrow minded path and looking outward beyond his own thoughts and doings.Not thinking ahead, when he said, If I go, I said, I will bring you any(prenominal)thing.(42), he did not realize that he had no money and had to ask permission if he may go to the bazaar. When he returned family that same night he asked his aunt for permission to go, she was shocked that he had asked, but agreed to it. The morning of his planned trip to the bazaar, he reminds his uncle that he is going to the bazaar and he needed money for the gift and the train fair. His uncle replied in a muttered and snappy tone, Yes, boy, I know.(42). As the narrator returned home from school for supper, his uncle had not yet arrived. The narrator waited and waited trying to pass the time until his uncle returned until his aunt said, Im afraid you may put off your bazaar for this night of Our Lord.(43), but then, At nine oclock I perceive my uncles latchkey in the hall door. I heard him talking to himself and heard the hallstand rocking when it had received the weight of his overcoat. I could interpret these signs. When he was midway through his dinner I asked him to give me the money to go to the bazaar. He had forgotten.(43-44).After some pestering at his uncle from his aunt, the narrator wa s given the money. When he had finally arrived at the bazaar it was mostly closed for the train had taken up quite some time. The only stall that he sees open has porcelain vases and flowered tea-sets(45), which has nothing of interest to him, the vendor sees him and crudely asks him if he needed anything, he kindly denies. As he looked upon the many items and as the lights are being shut off above him, he turns and walks away. As he is now standing in complete phantom for the last light had now been shut off, standing in the complete darkness he has an epiphany. He realizes that he has been thoughtless to believe that the girl would be attracted to him. He will always be thwarted in his path in life. He sees the Araby as what it really is, just a gaudy place to sell things. There is nothing glamorous or even appealing about it. He realizes that he had set himself up for disappointment.As the narrator is offended and frustrated as stated in the last line of the story, Gazing up in to the darkness I saw myself as a creature driven and derided by vanity and my eyes burned with anguish and anger.(46). We feel the narrators frustration begin to build as he has to wait for his uncle, and then the tardiness arriving at the bazaar which in turn leads to not buy anything for nothing of interest is open anymore, his dream is broken. With all of this falling apart so quickly, he soon realizes that he had been blinded and fooled himself into this idea that this elaborate scheme of buying a gift for this girl will make her like him.He is blinded by his innocence and unfortunately losses his innocence through experiencing all of these struggles to try and satisfy these new feelings of his only to realize his struggles were worthless. Also because we do not find out the name of the friends sister, this makes the idea of her so much more distant and unreachable. We view her much like the narrator does, as a far and mysterious person who we dont know much about. When the nar rators dreams of pleasing her were crushed, the whole situation made sense in the end he, after all, did not know much about her.

Issues Concerning African Americans and Puerto Ricans Essay

There atomic number 18 four major ethnic, cultural and racial roots deliver in the linked States today. These groups which compose the domains population are the African Americans, Asian Americans, Hispanic and Native Americans or the Non-Hispanic Whites. From the dawn of time, issues of racial profiling bugger off haunted the American Society, although join States of America is said to be the birthplace of patriotism unity and believed to be a nation that will adhere to intense dedication to releasedom, justice and par (Feagin, 1978).The vast diversity of the American population which characterizes the nations inhabitants has often resulted to disorder and chaos, as discrimination exists across the nation. Although the government has taken some actions and laws have been made and are implemented, they are not enough to counteract the racism problem at hand which is deeply rooted in the American tradition, as a longer time may deemed necessary before the public become accust omed to a racial free society.If the authorities are sharp-worded on abolishing and eliminate racial discrimination, it then important that they see to it that the public would have a better understanding and background of the different ethnic and minority groups. Awareness to their values, customs and traditions are small little steps that may eventually lead to these groups coexistence. For this reason, the paper discusses two of the major groups that play important roles in shaping the United States sociable structure, the African Americans and the Puerto Ricans.The issue of Africans Americans or the benighted Americans population, which are United States residents but with blood lineage from the sullen racial group of Africa, in the United States can be traced back way before 1800s as majority of black Americans have their descendants in the United States. While White Americans came to the United States voluntarily, their disgraceful counterparts were not given a choice as majority of the black population came in America as slaves (Feagin, 1978).It is noting to know that among the different ethnics group that come and settled in the United States, African Americans are the only group which have come not in accordance with their own free will. They were used as servants in large agricultural fields. It was believed that the first African American that had entered the borders of the United States settled in Jamestown. Their thrall and the hard labors they performed served as their free passage to the United States as they are compared to English poor the great unwashed.However during the great American Civil War, by impartiality of the proclamation signed by President Abraham Lincoln, the Emancipation Proclamation, African Americans became free. But then the post war era, the restoration tip, calls for the segregation of blacks from the whites and deteriorates what was supposed to be period of new beginning for the blacks.. In order to free themselv es of troubles and violence brought by discrimination, most Black Americans followed the law which dictates racial segregation.However, as violence related to racial discrimination became widespread, calls for abolishing the racial profiling laws in any case intensify as growing African American heritage and intellect became more evident. The era of civil rights crusade which aimed to promote camaraderie and embed equality by eliminating racial discrimination help largely to the Black Americans cause of tasteing dignity for their culture and race. Thus, when the Black Power Propaganda was formed a more complex ideology was born as African American seeks for moral dignity, fairness, justice and freedom from white oppression.Today, free from slavery and contributing vastly to economics and politics and enjoying a legal status, Black Americans have enjoyed a great deal of success as they undergo and enjoyed greater rights, far from what were their ancestors have before. However, co mplete satis positionion and recognition of their rights will have to wait for another few years as white people and custom is still the dominant culture in the United States. The radical change, however, which started from the nineteenth century are strong indications and evidence of the emerging power the African Americans are obtaining.African Americans now have greater access top higher educations and growth in employment as blue and white snatch workers are also evident. Disparity between the poorness of black and people have also reduced and many black Americans now have in that location owned home. However, the sad part is although continuous improvements are achieved each day, black Americans are still at disadvantage with the white people. It can be discover in issues regarding health insurances and benefits and institutional racism, which is very much present especially in middle schools class.In fact, a report in Rutherford country showed that massive complaints of ra cial discriminations are filed as parents are alarmed with the growing numbers of black students that are suspended. Compare to their white counterparts, black students save to be suspended at much higher rates, raising the question of racial discrimination in imposing discipline among the students. In 2006 for instance, 14. 4 % of black students were suspended in the district, which causes a handful of students to lag behind their studies (Scott, 2007).On the other hand rate of suspension for white students stand at 6. 6% (Scott, 2007). Figures and numbers indicate that the rates at which black students are suspended are more than double of the rate at which whites are. This then has poses an alarmed to the black population as their children are put into a disadvantage situation. Just like the African Americans, Puerto Ricans suffer a great deal of oppression and poverty as they occupy the bottom most part of the United States social hierarchy for years (Feagin, 1978).They are cons idered as one of the worlds poorest groups, however, Puerto anti-racketeering law posses a great link to the Caribbean world and the developing counties across the globe, which the United States social failed to utilize for their own advantage as it failed to realize its importance to the nation. The emergence of the Puerto Rican Ethnic group dates back to the time when the island which was then named as Borinquen, was a colony under the rule of Spain. For 400 years, Spain uses it as a strategic base.The island was a home for different tribes of Taino, however as the Spanish settle with in the island, population of the Indian tribes gradually diminished as generations passed by. Disappearance was due to the fact that Spain used them for forced labor in mines -which causes natives to acquire disease, massive exterminations and racial intermingling and merging. During that time, where in slavery was widespread, large number of African Americans was brought to Puerto to replace the nat ives as workers.Thus, the present genetic component of a modern Puerto Rican is a mix of Spanish, native Indians and African American. In 1898, as Spain succumb to American power during the Spanish-American War it surrendered Puerto anti-racketeering law to the United States. Americans deemed Puerto Ricans as ignorant and as result, self governing was denied to them and Puerto anti-racketeering law become entirely dependent to the US government. Puerto Ricans were left confused politically and culturally as they desperately ask matters about the issue of their citizenship.US Congress however, denied them of acquiring US citizenship relating that Puerto Ricans and Americans should not be treated as equal and they are inferior compare to them. But a year before the US plunged into the World War I, it granted Puerto Ricans US citizenship. With the booming population and stagnant economics, Puerto Rico became one of the poorest countries around the globe in the 1940s. In an effort to es cape the harsh reality of life in the island, many of the population migrated to the United States, bring with them the hope and the promise of an American Dream.However, the situation would not be different, as immigrants would fail to land jobs and are exploited. Furthermore, housings were prioritized for Native Americans. Language handicapped was also a barrier, which leads to them be discriminated. Puerto Ricans are also identified with Catholicism and Christianity which is teaching based from Spanish colonial times, and since the structure of the American church is Protestant, conflicts often arise. business community of Puerto Rico descends, would often complain of the difficulty in getting loans.With automation starting to engulf the business and industrial sections, Puerto Ricans further sink to the bottom of the social pyramid as they become more isolated, like the black people. There were no opportunities that were presented for them as they lack the skills to land jobs . But then came the era of being unrest, the emergence of Civil Rights Movement and Anti-Poverty Groups in the 1960s helped Puerto Ricans stimulate and assimilate into the American society, culture and politics (Nash, 2000).The movement and program covers every Puerto Rican and led to surprise solutions to the problems that result from ethnics and cultural differences and inconsistencies which are related to the failure to be in accordance with the dominant American Culture. The emergence of theses groups had opened the eyes of the Puerto Rican public to seek for fair and just treatment and uphold their dignity.Although they have been successful in appealing for changes, after decades of struggling for political representation, culture and customs respect and their hardened into the American Society, Puerto Ricans are today just slowly beginning to achieve and realize the progress and results. Whether it is questions about citizenship status, welfare and housing programs, bilingua l and multi-cultural education or electoral power, Puerto Ricans had stood the test of time and has proven it is capable of complex assimilation to the dominant American society.However for Puerto Ricans and other ethnic minorities and racial group in America, being subordinate to the dominant American culture is a continued struggle as still they are treated unjustly.ReferencesFeagin. J. (1978) Racial and Ethnic Relations. Englewood Cliffs, NJ Prentice-Hall. p. 212, p. 298 Scott, B. (2007). Daily Race Colors Suspensions. News Journal Murfreesboro. Nash, K. (2000). Contemporary Political Sociology Globalization, Politics, and Power. Blackwell Publishers.

Thermochemistry Laboratory Report Essay

AbstractThe purposes of these three experiments are to correct the cacoethes capacity of a calorimeter and with that info, confirm Hesss Law and identify enthalpy sorts indoors reactions. By measuring the change in temperature that occurs with the interaction of two different reactants, we were able to determine both the calorimeter regular and the change in enthalpy of a given reaction. The results were rather mixed, as some lists more closely resembled the theoretical determine than separates did.IntroductionThe first-year experiment is devoted to finding the calorimeter unbroken for a polystyrene cup. Whenever a reaction takes place inside a calorimeter, some combust is lost to the calorimeter and its surroundings. In order to achieve maximum accuracy, we moldiness spang exactly how much heat will be lost, so that the results of the next two experiments will be as correct as possible. The equation apply to determine it is a simple manipulation of the overall heat o f the reaction equation, which is Overall Heat = (Sp.Ht. hot irrigate system * Mass of water * Change in temperature) + (Sp.Ht. coolwater * Mass of water * Change in temperature) + (Cp calorimeter * Change in temperature) Since an error is bound to happen during the experimental process, three calculations were done to find an average. This experiment is vital to the success of the pursuance two thermochemistry experiments.The second experiment, entitled Hesss Law, is a simple confirmation of said law. To do so, we take three reactions, where one of them is the same as the other two, and broadside the heats of reaction for from each one of them. Hesss Law states that the heat of reaction of the one reaction should equal to the nitty-gritty of the heats of reaction for the other two. The three reactions apply in this experiment are (1) NaOH(s) Na+(aq) + OH-(aq)(2) NaOH(s) + H+(aq) + Cl-(aq) H2O(l) + Na+(aq) + Cl-(aq) (3) Na+(aq) + OH-(aq) + H+(aq) + Cl-(aq) H2O(l) + Na+(aq) + Cl-(aq) In order to find the heat released by each reaction, we utilize a variant of the overall heat of a reaction equation, which was q = Sp.Ht. * m * Change in temp.. Inaddition to finding the change in enthalpy, change in entropy was also mensural using theoretical values in given reference tables. Finally, the overall free zip fastener released was calculated using the equation Change in free energy = Change in enthalpy (Temperature * Change in entropy). All of this is then employ to assure Hesss Law by calculating the percent error involved in the experiment.The third experiment, called Thermochemistry Acid + Base, combines the concepts of the previous two experiments. The main concept is to observe the change in enthalpy that results from the various reactions between strong and weak acids and bases. There were four reactions used in this experiment, and they are(1) HCl(aq) + NaOH(aq) NaCl(aq) + H2O(l)(2) HCl(aq) +NH3(aq) NH4Cl(aq)(3) HC2H3O2(aq) + NaOH(aq) NaC2H3O 2(aq) + H2O(l)(4) HC2H3O2(aq) + NH3(aq) NH4C2H3O2(aq)By monitoring the change in temperature that results from the reaction of an acid and a base, it is possible to calculate the overall energy for each reaction, also known as H rxn/ jettye of pass reactant. This experimental value can be compared with the theoretical to determine how accurate the experiment was. The lower the percent error, the more accurate we were at calculating the energy involved in each reaction.ExperimentalIn order to do any calculation for energy, we first had to find the calorimeter constant. In order to do that, we first took and weighed a polystyrene cup (our calorimeter) and added approximately light speed g of warm water to it. The actual measurements are eternizeed in remit 1-1. The mass of the cup with the water in it were recorded to find the exact mass of the water added. Next, a cylinder was weighed, like the cup, and nigh 48 mL of cool water was added. The substance was weighed and recorded in the same table. Afterwards, temperature sensors connected through a LabPro device were suspended in the two containers and the calculators DataMate program was used to record temperature over a 90 second age interval. After a few seconds of data collection from the separate liquids, they were mixedtogether and stirred with the sensors until thither was no time left. By using Graphical epitome, a graph of the data was printed, displaying temperature vs. time. Tangent lines were drawn on the graph in order to determine the initial and final temperatures of the two liquids. The above procedure was repeated two more times for the sake of precision. Finally, we calculated the calorimeter constant using the formula listed in the Introduction section.Even though we conducted an experiment to find the heat capacity of a calorimeter, we were given a new value for the constant for experiment 2, referable to inaccuracy in our results. For the lab called Hesss Law, we first started by se tting up the calculator to collect temperature data again. The procedure is the same as the one used in the last experiment, except that the time interval is set to 4 minutes. Next, we obtain a polystyrene cup to use as our calorimeter and fill it with 100 g of water. The cup is put within a 250-mL beaker to keep it in a sustained environment. A temperature sensor is placed in the water and is stabilized. Then, we obtained solid NaOH and weighed close 2 grams to the nearest thousandth decimal point. This value is recorded, along with all other data in Table 2-1. Afterwards, data collection begins and after about 15 seconds, the NaOH is added to the water. The resulting solution is stirred for the duration of the time interval and by using Graphical Analysis a graph is produced. This procedure is repeated doubly more for 0.5 M HCl in place of water for one trial, and then 1.0 M HCl and 1.0 M NaOH solution for the third trial. All of the measurements are recorded in the table menti oned above.For the final experiment, the procedure is very similar to its predecessors. We began by initializing the LabPro and DataMate to collect temperature data over time (this time it is a 180 second interval). First, we measure as close as we can to 50 g of a base of our choice in a 100-mL graduated cylinder. A temperature sensor is placed in the cylinder. Next, we weighed 100 g of a chosen acid in the calorimeter. The calorimeter is placed in a 1000-mL beaker for stability and a temperature sensor is submerged in the acid. After the sensors have a chance to equilibrate, we started to collect data. When about 15 seconds have passed, we poured the base into thecalorimeter with the acid and stirred for the duration of the time with both sensors. Then, when time was up, we used Graphical Analysis to print the resulting temperature vs. time graph. This processed is repeated three more times until every combination of strong and weak acids and bases is used.AnalysisThe data we reco rded for the first experiment appears to be accurate, though drawing tangent lines to find final and initial points has its inherent inaccuracy. Using the formula discussed in the introduction, our equation turned out like the pursuance0 = (47.166 g * 4.184 J/gC * 16.561 C) + (98.874 g * 4.184 J/gC * -9.4139 C) + (Cp calorimeter * -9.4139 C)Cp calorimeter = -66.522 J/CThe average of the three obtained values is as simple as adding them all together and dividing by three, the number of values, which looked like this (-66.522 + 348.619 + 225.669)/3 = 169.255 J/C. This number is much higher than the default value we were given for the next lab, which was only 15.0 J/C.For the Hesss Law experiment, the numbers looked much better. The first thing we did with the data was solve for the change in temperature, which was bonny final temperature minus initial temperature. The result gave us something like this 23.9 C 19 C = 4.9 C. Second, we calculated the heat released by each equation, which is shown as this q = Sp.Ht. * m * tq = 4.18 J/gC * 99.524 g * 4.9 Cq = -2.038 kJThen, the heat lost to the calorimeter was calculated using the formula q = Cp * t. From that, we found that q = 15.0 J/C * 4.9 C = -0.0735 kJ. Next, the total H was found by adding both values of q above, which just equals -2.1115 kJ. In order to find H/ groin NaOH, we had to find how some(prenominal) moles were used in each reaction based on the mass of NaOH weighed and recorded in Table 2-1. The format for finding the number of moles lookedlike the following 2.0810 g NaOH * (1 mol NaOH / 40 g NaOH) = 0.052 mol NaOH. This value is used to divide the H to find the H/mol NaOH value, which equaled -40.606 kJ/mol. Using the H of response 2 as the theoretical value, and the combined H values of Reactions 1 and 3, we can find out our percent error, which is shown below as% error = abs ((theoretical experimental) / theoretical) * 100% error = abs ((79.56 94.87) / 79.56) * 100% error = 19.24 %The above values can all be found on Table 2-1. The above process was repeated with data collected from the whole class, which yielded a 14.47 % error. Finally, using theoretical numbers, we calculated H, S, and G for reaction 2. For the first two, a similar equation of sum of products minus sum of reactants equals H and S respectively. G is calculated using the formula in the introduction, which looked like G = -98.8 298(0.0580) = -116.062 kJ/mol.With the data collected in the third experiment a multitude of calculations were carried out. All of the following data can be found in Table 3-1. First, we solved for H rxn, which is the same as the overall heat equation described in the introduction. The calculation looked liked the followingH rxn = (4.184 J/gC * 98.781 g * 4.35 C) + (4.184 J/gC * 48.5133 g * 4.0 C) + (15.0 J/C * 4.35 C)H rxn = -2.68 kJNext, we needed to calculate the limiting reactant for each reaction, which was just the reactant that yielded the least product. The meth od for determining it is like so98.781 g HCl * (1 mol HCl / 36 g HCl) * (1 mol NaCl / 1 mol HCl) * (1 g NaCl / 1 mol NaCl) = 2.744 g NaCl48.5153 g NaOH * (1 mol NaOH / 40 g NaOH) * (1mol NaCl / 1 mol NaOH) * (1 g NaCl / 1 mol NaCl) = 1.213 g NaCl Then, we take the H rxn above and divide it by the moles of limiting reactant, which we discovered above (since each solution is 1.0 M, the moles used is the number of grams divided by 1000). This new H rxn / moles of limiting reactant is the experimental value to becompared to the theoretical value obtained with given numbers. Comparing these two values using the % error equation above, the % error of one of the reactions comes out to be just 1.25%. The rest of the numbers can be observed in Table 3-2. This concludes all of the calculations that were involved in all of the experiments.ConclusionThe results of this experiment were a mix of both very accurate and nowhere close. For the first experiment, the values for the calorimeter constan t were very imprecise, ranging from negative values to ten times greater than the theoretical 15.0 J/C. This is just about likely due to a series of miscalculations and human error. In experiment two, the numbers were far more favorable, with a 19.24 % error for our data and a 14.47 % error for the entire class. This number still seems too high to excuse the verification of Hesss Law and should probably be redone with more care in consistently measuring reactants, but other than that, the experiment was completed strong enough. The results for the final experiment are also quite mixed. While some experimental values had only a 1.25 % error, others were grossly erroneous with about 65.1 % error. The virtually inaccurate data was the ones collected for the reaction of a weak acid and a strong base, which yielded an obviously flawed 300 % error. For the results that were inaccurate, the source of error was most likely to due a miscalculation on my part, possibly in the calculation of the theoretical values, or the experimental for that matter. Much more care must be taken when repeating this lab, for the possible errors are numerous. The purpose of these three labs were to observe the nature of heat and reactions, which the experiments do rather nicely. The procedures described do an tenuous job describing the purpose of each step, though they are easy to do incorrectly. In the end, the experiments yielded mediocre results, a mixed bag of incredibly accurate to just very wrong. Thermochemistry is indeed a rather elusive topic, but these experiments make it much more tangible.

Duquesne Education Essay

I score always held the belief that apart from scholastic excellence, a mans education is uncompleted if certain values and ideals argon not inculcated into him. Having a degree is worthless if the degree you have does not have a positive effect on you. One question I ask myself is why must I be educated? Should we be educated because we neediness to back a in effect(p) degree that ordain enable us get a good job or what? I offer my view of genuine education below. confessedly education is not all about grades and certificates.True education must change who we are, affecting how we think. We should understand that as educated people, we should give back to the society. We are educated so that we can make a positive change in our society and be better psyches than we were before we were educated. This should be the goal of true education In my quest to get a university education, I have had to put these considerations before me. For one thing, I just do not want to go to a scho ol for the mere purpose of backing a degree.I want to be educated in an environment where I will be useful not only for myself but the society. I want a university where I can get the same degree and still have the platform of forming values that will make me a better mortal. I checked programs offered by different universities and how this helps in making me a better person in the future. Of all the universities I checked, I found the programs and the environment of Duquesne most suitable for me and having a degree from the university will make me more successful person in future. How am I certain of this?To begin with, the environment and programs offered by the university makes the student understand his/her role in the society. The various humanitarian programs instill roughly values into the student and help to shape his view about life and ones relationship with his fellow man. In addition this, you can not graduate from Duquesne without learning responsibility. Your ideals will be transformed and this prepares you for the life ahead of you. I will also be able to develop relationships that will exercise my life, people who believe in the same cause.

Malaysia Airlines Corporate Policy and Strategy Essay

This assignment requires a writer to write a give notice (of) of whatsoever organisation which is involved in transportation and communication fabrication. The aim and calculate of this report is to examine the strategicalalal get offment process to one of the industries. The strategic management process exit be more than(prenominal) emphasise in this report where its importance in the organisation play an important reckon in dress for the organisation to grow and magnify. Malaysia air lanes (MAS) lease been chosen as an organisation for this report. Malaysia air lanes is a commercial air conk out organisation where they provide transportation service doneout the world, specifi omeny 850 destinations in 150 countries. The organisation participation profile impart explain more about the history of the organisation itself which are the founder of the organisation, the year it start its services, location, service range, r so farue and turnover report.After that, a strategic abstract of the Malaysia Airlines will be explained more which includes worldwide environment, internal environment and competitive environment. In general environment, the weakness of the organisation unavoidably to analyse onwards the problems and weaknesses itself will take toll towards the organisation. The tool which is vent to be apply to worst the weaknesses are pest epitome and swot analysis which consecutively treat its purposes to analyse internal and external factors. In internal environment, a situation that fucking impact Malaysia Airlines commerce will be mensurated. It is divided into two categories, economic mensurate chain analysis and digitry based view. Value chain analysis will be exp remainderitured to add value to the organisation itself while resource based view will be hold to explain how the resources of the organisation raise be use to become an advantage, competitively. After done doing that, strategic formula is take aimed for Malaysia Airlines.A becoming plan and strategy are use uped to contact the organisation main objectives. Business take strategy and corporeal level strategy will be use to explain the competitive advantage and how corporate parent eases its footslogger companionship to grow and expand. International strategy is withal in included in the strategic formulation in order for Malaysia Airlines to develop its level of contendncies and future potential in foreign arena. Implementation of that international strategy will take to action after evaluation and analysis. In the implementation strategy, a leader with a broad scope ofvision and missionary work is needed in order for the action plan to become reality. With a great leadership skill, the employees will be inspired to work more economic to achieve the objective that had been forget me drug. All the explanation above are supported with proper references using journals, books, internet, articles and updated data from Malaysia Airlines from its company report. Lastly, a conclusion will be made to conclude all of the information from the report.1.0 IntroductionMalaysian Airline System Berhad is the primary air lane of Malaysia. Malaysia Airlines (MAS) operates flights from Kuala Lumpur International Airport mainly and with a smaller-ranking hub at Kota Kinabalu and Kuching. From the report, the strategic management of Malaysia Airlines is analysed. The report is produced for Mr Mathew Teale. Most of the resources in this report are based on report and journal. Besides, articles and refreshedspapers are also being used as the secondary resources. Gather from latest data, Malaysia Airlines has revenue worth as oft as RM13 billion.In stategy management, there are system Analysis, Strategy cooking and Strategy Implementation which are the process to overcome that external factor which consist of objective to fulfil(Hambrick, 2007). Under the effect of planetaryization, the world has changed in every firmament and those changes had influenced most of the corporation activities with obstacles to execute their strategy. A companys finances will be affected if their management fails to formulate and implement the most economical and suit suitable strategy. Strategy analysis, strategy formulation and strategy implementation are the fundamentals to solve negative factors regardless what is the problems.Company ProfileMalaysia Airlines was founded in 1937 through an idea by the Alfred Holts Ocean Steamship Company in liverpool work together with the Imperial Airways in from Britain and Straits Steamship Company in Singapore. This had build the outcome of Malayan Airways Limited(MAL) on the homogeneous year. As usual, this skyway faced diametrical types of industrial challenges throughout these seven decades. Therefore, the company had improved and repackaged their image and services. Malaysia Airlines started their flight services originated in Subang Airport and later rel ocate to Kuala LumpurInternational Airport (KLIA). Malaysia Airlines serve different class of customers in social club pyramid. Therfore, Malaysia Airlines provide different class of seatings which are first class, business class, and economic class. According to Malaysia Airlines Annual Report on 2012, incredible loss of RM481,457,000 was hit after the loss on 2011 which was two billion.This shows the incapabilities of management in Malaysia Airlines to manage the company. Therefore, the management require to be rearranged and re organized. Besides, Malaysia Airlines are facing more competitors in the industry much(prenominal) as Airasia. To overcome this challenge, Malaysia Airlines tried to upkeep with their competitors by providing high persona of services in order to deliver the goods customers faith and loyalty so that they could ready stable coming back customers. Their strategy was a success and this kindle be seen when several awards are awarded by Skytrax UK and Wor ld Travel Awards. The awards are the Asias Leading Airline(2011), Asias Leading Business Class Airline (2010) and Five Star Airline (2012). Malaysia Airlines built up their image as the top airline in Malaysia by winning those award.2.0 strategical AnalysisThe process of helping a company to render further understanding regarding their external environment is what we call strategy analysis. Strategy analysis weed maximize an organizations potential, capability and interation between environment. Profit can be achieved if Malaysia Airlines execute the three strategic processes which are analysis, formulation and implementation. By doing the analysis of external evnironment and evaluating the internal environment, we are able to use the chances and discover the industrial potential in the future.2.1 General surroundIn order to help Malaysian Airlines in fitting itself to conquer the weaknesses, several analysis such as fella, scenerio planning and SWOT are carried out. Besieds, ge neral environment acts as a tool to identify the weakness in Malaysia Airlines which may lead to external environment that changes rapidly (Henry, 200841).2.1.1 Scenario PlanningScenario planning is define as procedure of visualizing what upcoming situation or events are probable, what their effects would be like,and how to respond to, or benefit from,them(Business Dictionary, n.d.). Scenario planning not only can help to identify future oppoturnity, further also helps an organization to make critical conclusion. This can help an organization to utilize chance and stay apart from the threat. The scenario planning is mention by Henry (2008) as a method to find changes and uncertainty in their industry and promote systematic thinking and even decision making under spontaneus situation. However, Malaysia Airlines did not do proper scenario planning which make them faced great loss as stated in their yearly report 2012. As a way to stop this situation continue to grow, Malaysia Ai rline should really consider and think deeply of their scenario planning. Besides, the ultimate growth of Airline industry shows influence to Malaysia Airline scenario planning. Therefore, Malaysia Airline should make use of PEST and SWOT analysis to identify deeply their market environment.2.1.2 PEST analysisPEST analysis most commonly is used to measure a market. By doing the PEST analysis, Malaysia Airlines will link the entire four factors that may affect their business in general and competitive environment. As a Malaysian national flag airlines, it is compulsory and a must for them to fol base and obey the political decision and organizational policies. Being an airline company in Malaysia, always need to cope with the taxes which have been a big obstacles especially during economy crisis. According to Malaysia Airlines annual report 2011, Malaysia Airlines had experienced a huge loss as RM400 millions even before taxation is done.This shows how pathetic and badly the situati on of the company was. Furthermore, our current flower Minister Datuk Seri NajibTun Razak announced that the minimum wage of private sectors in Penisular has been set for RM900 and RM800 for those in Sarawak. This increases the burden of Malaysia Airlines which has virtually 18,000 workers. As a way to overcome the sore policy and adapted to it, Malaysia Airliens hence introduced a new rewarding plan to their workers. t. In make out with the new policy, Malaysia Airlines has announced on their strategy to offer changeless stave a maximum two years of unpaid leave only and excluding their subdiaries which are Maswings and FIrefly.Airlines biggest expenses will be the crews wages and go off expenses. As global fuel price is increasing, it influenced Malaysia Airlines in operation(p) cost for sure which will directly result the loss in their remuneration. Besides, unstable fuel price that influenced economy will affect their shares price in stock exchange too. (sharif, Ranjbar and Arumugam , 2011). Furthermore, Malaysia Airlines had increased their flight ticket fares as a way to cover up the administration and operational cost. As the increment of ticket fares encounterred, local citizens with lower or medium income holders to lessen their frequency to travel on flight. Besides, one of the undeniable factors is inflation which causes the value of money to be lowered extra money from the wages unable to do much extra occasion planning.Prior to the Asian Financial Crisis in 1997, Malaysia Airlines suffered in the massive losses of RM260million. As a way to overcome the crisis, the airlines cut a smokestack of routes which are un earningsable such as Brussels, Darwin, Honolulu, Madrid, Munich and Vancouver. Besides, approximately a decade later in 2011, frightening loss of RM2.52billion was achieved by Malaysia Airlines and breaks its historical record. This incident had push the management to terminate the flight to Surabaya, Karachi, Dubai, Johannesbur g in January of the same year. The action was unable to calm the managements who later ceased the routes to Cape Town, Buenos Aires and Rome in February 2011.For social factor, we know that there are different types of lot with different penchant in this country, so with different culture and thinking in society, not everyone would like to use flight as their transportation option. This is due to the fear factor that stuck in their heart to feel insecure with the flight transportation. Therefore, safety is always one of the main feature to be concerned and make sure the society feel safe with their services. Safety instructions are being briefed before the flight depart every time and this can prevent chaos to occur if there is any accident occurs. Besides, insurance is also one of the option for customer to purchase in their flight ticket. This can relieve the insecurity of passengers when they choose to use Malaysia Airlines.In terms of technology, Internet has lead our world to globalisation andinformation explosion era. Malaysia Airlines sees this as an luck to promote their company services to the young person snugly. The customers can purchase the flight tickets easily from their website rather than drive to their branches and queue up which will be even more expensive and time consuming. Hence, Malaysia Airlines is able to deduct and decrease overhead cost and their budget in extra offices and infrastructure. However, not everyone are intimately-skilled in using the internet and some of the rural areas in our country still lack of such services which seems common in most of the city. Besides, credit or debit card is a necessity in order to purchase from online ticketing system which also will be a obstacle for some of the senior citizens. Lastly, we shall concern about the stability of Malaysia Airlines proxy host which is overloaded sometimes.2.1.3 SWOT AnalysisSWOT analysis is a method where a structured planning can be done by evaluating the 4 factors which are strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats (Humprey, 2005). Malaysia Airlines can use SWOT at their own benefits to understand more about the external environment. Malaysia Airlines is a well known brand draw which has become strength of this company to exploit. With its 70 years of experiences in the airline industry, this brand name has won the heart of the customers wheres loyalty is important to them. In addition, Malaysia Airlines are highly recognized by the international organisation. Plus, Malaysia Airlines are also has been supported by the Malaysian government for years. With this, they can depend on the government if they are having a financial problem or opposite difficulties which can benefit them.Malaysian Airlines won a lot of prestigious awards in the last(prenominal) 10 years and their broad network of destinations also has become their strength that led the potential and loyal customers to choose them. Thereby, with this entire strength combine, chances of Malaysia Airline to win and take control of the industry are higher. Malaysia Airlines and other companies are not excluded from the organisational weaknesses. The increasing fuel price had cause Malaysia Airlines huge loss as much as RM1.36 million.Other than that, their operating cost such as landing fees ishigherthatin which are affecting their financial. This entirely affected their profit and thus giving them problemto be dealt with. Price war with Air Asiaalso has affected their target in controlling the local market.Since Malaysian income per capita is lower than other countries, therefore Malaysia Airlines are now focus more with the middle and upper class customers. Malaysia Airlines has analyse its opportunities in the market.Aircraft passengers have been growing as much as 13.5% every year. By this, Malaysia Airlines are going to take this opportunity to expand their services in other countries such as China and Japan where the people over there alway s travel abroad. The increasing numbers of cargo industry also have become a profitable sector for Malaysia Airlines. In 2010, the increasing numbers of air cargo service has risen to 26.5%. As a result of that, Malaysia Airlines can manage to get a lot of profit in this growing industry by exploiting the opportunities and turn it into a profit. In threats, fuel price have been a problem for Malaysian Airlines for years.Inevitably, Malaysia Airlines operating cost may also increase if the fuel prices increase. non only that, international airlines such as Cathay Pacific Airways, Singapore International Airways and Garuda Indonesia Airways are competing with Malaysia Airlines internationally and Air Asia domestically. The threat of new freshman also be a factor for Malaysia Airlines to deal with if financial institution policy changes. Lower interest rate and credit loan willallownew airliners to enter the industry. The more new airliners enter the industry the likelihood of Malay sia Airlines to struggle in the business will be higher. In order to cope with that, Malaysia Airlines need to be more correctd.2.2 Competitive EnvironmentAccording to Mack (2010), competitive environment is defined or explained as a dynamic system for the business to compete positively in. At such, analysis technique of Porter Five Forces Framework is executed to understand the environment.2.2.1 Porters Five Forces FrameworkPorter fin forces is a framework which analyzes the industry and business strategy development to determine the competitive strength (Porter, 1979). By using this analyzing technique, Malaysia Airlines can identify the threat of new entrants. Since the needs to start an airlines company are hard,consequently, the threat of new entrants has reduced. Furthermore, brand name is important to the customers these days. Adding to that, to go into this business not also need high groovy but also need an establish brand name. Thus, rather than start an establish brand name, the new threat entrants will focus more on the loyal customer. The only new threat entrants Malaysia Airlines need to focus more are the international airlines. There are two companies that are competing against each other in the aircraft manufacturing industry which are Boeing and Airbus. Since Malaysia Airlines are choosing Boeing as their main aircraft, therefore, Boeing has no option to increase their aircraft prices.If Boeing increases their aircraft price, most probably Malaysia Airlines will change their aircraft to Airbus. Consequently, Malaysia Airlines can use its bargaining power of consumer to bargain the aircraft price. This undoubtedly will be an advantage to Malaysia Airlines to save their buying cost that led Boeing with no other choice to transport its aircraft to Malaysia Airlines since theyre having a tough time in competing in the aircraft manufacturing industry. The bargaining power of suppliers is depending on the numbers of alternatives the consumer ha s. For Malaysia Airlines, it is difficult to change to another aircraft manufacturer such as Airbus since their maintenance staff areexperienced with Boeings aircraft.By changing the aircraft manufacturer, Malaysia Airlines need to spend a lot of money to train their maintenance staff which and turn cost is high.Therefore, the power of suppliers cannot be a negative factor since Malaysia Airlines only rely on one aircraft manufacturer. Plus, the power of suppliers is insignificant where Malaysia Airlines has their own aircraft maintenance subsidiary company. For fuel, the bargaining power of suppliers is not really high since in Malaysia there is only little petrol organization and the price is set by the government.2.2.2 strategical GroupsStrategic groups are used to classify or identity the companies that are having the similar business model or mixture of strategies applied. (Porter, 1980). As a well known 5 stars airlines company, Malaysia Airlines always offer mixed place of destinations throughout the world where Airasia only provide certain well-known and popular destination. However, Airasia as thelow cost carrier, has advantages in competition as they can always attract customers in Asia that always go for cheaper option.2.3 Internal EnvironmentAn internal environmental analysis is an extensive review of all aspects of a companys operations, internal guidance and mission. (wiseGEEK, n.d.). Value-chain analysis and resource-based view can be used as analysis tools.2.3.1 Value-chain AnalysisMalaysia Airlines primary income is based from logistics services and secondary activities are aircraft maintenance and technology development. By coordinate these value chain analysis activities, Malaysia Airlines can have a lower cost structure and increase the value of outcome product. By increasing the value of outcome product, Malaysia Airlines can compete better in the industry by understanding the connection between each of the value-chain activity. Addition ally, a proper coordination with their union, customers and suppliers can reduce cost and adds up the bonding between customers and company itself. As its outcome, improvement of the writ of execution in Malaysia Airlines primary and secondary activities can be achieved and higher profit can be gained in the process. .2.3.2 Resource-based ViewAirline industry was slammed pretty hard globally in previous years. Terrorists attack on 11st September 2001 still horrified the hearts of passengers globally. The strong competitive environments by low cost carriers such as Airasia in Malaysia is also causing the national flag carrier to restructure their operations. Their resources such as airplanes and crews quality need to be concerned and look into deeply. As the oldest flight carrier company in Malaysia, they shall use this advantage to continue to stay at the frontline in airline industry by using its available sufficient resources efficiently with the help of government and come up wi th efficient strategies as a way to compete and stabilize its own potision in airline industry. .3.0 STRATEGY FORMULATIONFormulation of strategies is necessary in order for Malaysia Airlines toachieve its mission and objectives. An excellent structure and shape strategies will beneficiary to Malaysia Airlines in competing in the airline industry.3.1 Business Level StrategyBusiness level strategy is very important where it will be use as a method to develop the strategy at a maximum level. In addition, it is crucial for Malaysia Airlines to implement and adapt to this strategy because its a way for them to make use all of their resources and competency in the airlines industry to accomplish its corporate level strategy.3.1.1 Industry Life CycleIn any industries, introduction, growth, maturity and decline development stages have to go through including industry products. Malaysia Airlines has gone through the introduction phase where they had been through a lot of difficulties and up and down since 1937. But unfortunately, Malaysia Airlines financial report has shown that the company is suffering from internal and external environment where they are facing profit losses. Malaysia Airlines is now in the growth stage where they are trying to impose a new efficient strategy to cover up their losses from 2008 to 2012.Malaysia Airlines profit are at the highest in 2008 as much as RM15,570,141 and decreasing slowly in the past 5 years and the lowest is in the year 2009 that decline as much as RM11,605,111. Factors that cause this financial downturn are the increasing price of the fuel, competitiveness of other airlines, poor marketing strategy and high operating cost. In coping with this matter, Malaysia Airlines is now broadening their flight destination and suspend some flight from a destination that give less profit, improve quality of service in order to create customer demand and thus progressing in the growth stage.3.1.2 DifferentiationMalaysia Airlines impose differentiation strategy by creating various types of seat class such as Economic Class, Business Class and First Class. This is to ensure that all the variety of services that being offer are affordable for the different type of customers. It is also to increase theadvantages in competing by delivering the value added product to differentiate Malaysia Airlines services from other airline competitors. Adding to that, by allow the customers choose what type of services they want, the loyalty of the customer would be increased. This shows that Malaysia Airlines are coping with price sensitivity, switching cost, higher entry barriers and threat of substitutes, in the five forces. As a result, Malaysia Airlines has successfully competed in the airline price wars that let the company to gain back profit in 2011.3.2 integrated Level StrategyCorporate strategy signifies actions for Malaysia Airlines to take in gaining its competitive advantage. Specifically, to help Malaysia Airlines in an advantage where they can control the market and maximise profit for a hanker period of time. Thus, this strategy helps Malaysia Airlines to improve its strategy and at the same time giving them a great position in controlling the market.3.2.1 Growth Strategies any(prenominal) company can practice four strategies specifically for the growing process. By now, Malaysia Airlines are targeting to penetrate the international control the local market. Malaysia Airlines are trying to use its existing services and products to increase their sales. Malaysia Airlines achieve it by strengthening the bond with their customer to keep using its airlines and at the same time bringing new customer. For that reason, Malaysia Airlines are now starting to increase their promotion using social and mass media. Other than that, Malaysia Airlines are also improving their website to become more convenient and easy with less procedure for all the customers that wish to book a ticket.In surviving in the m ature market, Malaysia Airlines should prepare more for its opportunity to expand its growth. Malaysia Airlines as a pioneer and leading the local airlines industry should increase more their competitiveness in competing in the international market. Taking ASEAN countries as a first step, Malaysia Airlines should understand more each of the country geographically, culture and religions. By developing this understanding, customers will tend to choose Malaysia Airlines that in the end would increase their sales, profitand penetrate the international market.3.2.2 Corporate ParentingMalaysia Airlines as parent company of MAS Cargo, MASwings, MAS Aerotechnologies and etc. Malaysia Airlines as the corporate parent can achieve a lot of profit if they integrate all of its subsidiaries company as an individual business unit. Malaysia Airlines can save cost in managing all of its subsidiaries company. not just that, a proper integration between the subsidiaries company can help Malaysia Airli nes to derive its economic scale that will further move them in accomplishing their goals. Concurrently, Malaysia Airlines can help its subsidiaries company and put them into an advantage where they can make use ofMalaysia Airlines expertise and resources. As a result of that, Malaysia Airlines subsidiaries company will be compound in controlling their budget, making decision and planning process. Nevertheless, if any economic catastrophes occur, therefore, it will become disadvantage for Malaysia Airlines if its subsidiaries company is in the economic crisis.3.2.3 Strategic valuationIn following the variety formulation strategic plan, strategic evaluation is the most important part before implementing all of the strategies that been plan. The strategies will be evaluate and assess to find out its efficiency. In addition, the consistency of the strategies must be in a long term where the use of the strategies itself can benefit Malaysia Airlines in the coming years rather than bein g a yearly plan. Its obvious that not all of the strategies will become a success, but at least an initiative to evaluate the plan been done in order to minimize the risk. Thus, Malaysia Airlines need to select a proper and the dress hat strategies that can help them in realizing their goal and objectives.3.3 International Strategy and GlobalizationGlobalization is a worldwide issue where customers needs and wants are being standardized. It can cause positive and negative effect on any organization depending on how they cope and make use of the globalization itself as an advantage to them. For instance, the globalization on fuel price, landing fees and aircraft spare part prices are now standardized accordingly. Butluckily Malaysia Airlines have their own resources for these three needs where they have their own aircraft maintenance subsidiary company and support from Malaysia government.In marketing their product, Malaysia Airlines can use its global brand name to maximize marketi ng efficiency. For this reason, Malaysia Airlines should use this opportunity to expand their wing in the international market. Nonetheless, Malaysia Airlines also need to be aware and choose the right strategy if they want to penetrate the market.4.0 STRATEGY carrying outWell plan strategies are not going to work well with an organization if its implemented inadequately. In getting success in implementing the strategies, Malaysia Airlines need to increase their efficiency in communication, managing their resources and improve their employees morale. Leadership also playsits role in making Malaysia Airlines to gain success in implementing the strategies. Therefore, all the staff in Malaysia Airlines should work together in realizing the strategies to become reality.4.1 Strategic LeadershipThe leader is the only one that can determine the future of any company. Without them, the chances of any company to collapse and bankrupt will be high. That is because the needs of a leader in a company affect the path of the company whether it can generate income and be victorious or it can only make profit losses and bankruptcy in the end. Not a lot of people can be a great leader but everyone can have the traits of a leader which are visionary, inspire and drive their followers to achieve success.It can be said that Malaysia Airlines leadership has weaknesses in scenario planning that causes market share and revenue losses. For this reason, leadership of Malaysia Airlines should apply the vision trait in order to cope with changes and for the sake of the company continuity. When leaders are able to master the vision trait, it will be easier for them to collaborate, motivate, trust, and interdependence amongst their staff. Plus, the coordination and path of Malaysia Airlines will be in the same direction of achieving common objectives that may lead Malaysia Airlines to a biggerindustry.Malaysia Airlines is now operating in a competitive environment. So, the vision of lead ership cant be sluggish. Leader task is not just dealing with external factors but also playing an important role on sight employees attitude. Therefore, a leader should know and oblige to inspire and motivate employees if theyre lacking with something that will affect the vision of the company. Giving the employees rewards are the best thing to do in making the company vision to become a reality.Leader needs to be proactive in handling situation. The needs of keeping the vision on the right track and the same time monitoring its progress is necessary so that Malaysia Airlines will be more prepare in enduring and responding towards the changes that happen. Moreover, democratic leader is important where the leaders itself can put themselves with the employees and communicate with the employees. Encouragement and understanding can be developing with the employees if any conflict happen and then settle together as a team. By doing this, the work rate and performance of Malaysia Airlin es will improve and in the end will increase the profit and maximizes the resources that they have.4.2 Change focussingCompetitiveness in airlines industry has become fiercer than before. Due to that, Malaysia Airlines should be ready to embrace and adapt to changes in order to compete in the market. In achieving this, Malaysia Airlines should improve their state breakdown management. This is because every state division especially in Sarawak is having trouble with the competitiveness from low cost airlines such as Air Asia and the new low cost airline, Malindo Air. Therefore, Malaysia Airlines should take a strategic change to their state division in coping with the external environment.Poor leadership has been one of many factors that cost their profit losses and customer loyalty. By implying a proper marketing strategy, Malaysia Airlines will be able to challenge the local airline industry. Adding to that, improvement in every managing structure in each state division is amust since the capabilities and set of skills of each employee can be outdated under some circumstances. Thus, changes and improvements are needed in order to comply with customers needs and achieving goals.4.3 place of SystemsExcellent plan strategies wont work unless leaders and human resources play their role in implementing the strategies.4.3.1 organisational StructureOrganizational structure is a fundamental that can affect the strategy implementation. Effective use of labor by giving specific task can contribute an advantage in competing in the industry. In general, the four organizational structures are functional, divisional, entrepreneurial and matrix.Malaysia Airlines are now using divisional structure to conduct their corporate parenting by dividing resources in each division. It is essential for them in order to gain profit. Using this structure, Malaysia Airlines are decentralizing the power of making decision to each division and that give a clearer goal to the employees t o achieve. Nevertheless, the plentiful number of divisions will cost a lot and sharing of knowledge will be lesser. To respond to that, Malaysia Airlines should manage all the division under one command center by using network structure and all the information gathered need to be transmitted to headquarter.4.3.2 Organizational ProcessMalaysia Airlines organizational processes are of consist of entrepreneurial and competence-building. In entrepreneurial process, employees will bemotivated by delegating some tasks to them that of course will increase their take and efficiency compared to strict control. In building competency, employee differences of capabilities will be given a specific task to them in order to gain trust amongst the Malaysia Airlines and the employees itself. By implementing this, a more proactive and efficient workforce can be produced in the process of achieving the goals.4.3.3 Strategic Control SystemsIn improving the employees performance and at the same time r etaining their performance, control and reward systems are a must. Well rewarded employees undoubtedly will perform very well. By implementing this, Malaysia Airlines can manage to deliver consistent services to their customers. Plus, motivated work force surely will lead Malaysia Airlines to gain profit. As a result of that, employees that perform with virtue and if the satisfaction towards their job are high, the probability of staying longer with Malaysia Airlines are also high. Thus, this will surely eliminate the cost of looking for new employees.Malaysia Airlines as corporate parent also need to use control and reward system in order to increase the motivation of the employees to achieve goals that being set. By sum of giving them reward based on their performance, the employees tendency of performing at their best most likely will be high. By doing this, a more standardize employee performance can be achieved. In addition, controlling the employees is not necessarily being strict with them but being understanding is the greatest option to choose where employees automatically will increase their work rate that will lead Malaysia Airlines to compete vigorously in the industry.4.3.4 Corporate GovernanceCorporate governance is where business is managed for the shareholder according to the right and wishes of the stakeholder. It is also where an organization is responsible for the stakeholders interest in the organization itself. Corporate governance ensures that the stakeholderreceives something in the forms of money or others.Malaysia Airlines should take the approach in implementing what they want to do to the stakeholder so that the stakeholder will feel secure. Openness with stakeholder is a must where companys finance and planmust be share to win their trust. Any decisionsare made by Malaysia Airlines can affect stakeholder trust. Hence, leadership and management of the organization are responsible in balancing the needs of stakeholders. Finally, a m ore synchronize and efficient corporate governance is necessary in planning strategies which can fit the organizational structure that in the endgetting control of the market.ConclusionStrategic management is very important for every organisation. Small organisation to giant organisation requires strategic management to expand and improve their managing ability. Adding to that, it can also help them to compete in the industry where all the strategies can be used to cope with the industry competitiveness itself. Strategic analysis, scenario planning, PEST and SWOT analysis, Porter five forces, strategic formulation, strategic implementation and other strategies are important to imply within the organization. Not just for the sake of getting profit, but also for long term future. All of the strategies mentioned above can help Malaysia Airlines to increase their profits and cover their losses.Not just that, the strategies also can help dealing with the external factors such as competit ors, policies, and most importantly the internal environment itself. Efficiency, cost saving and opportunity exploitation can be achieved if the strategies are carried out with proper planning. In conclusion, strategic management are not just a strategy but it can make as a stepping stone to achieve success where it can be used to analyze strengths and weaknesses that surely will put Malaysia Airlines at great advantages.ReferencesAnsoff, I. (1965), corporate Strategy, McGraw-Hill, New York. Annual Report 2011. (Archive) Malaysia Airlines.p. 2. Registered Office 3rd Floor, Administration Building 1 MAS Complex A Sultan Abdul Aziz Shah AIrport 47200 Subang Selangor DarulEhsan Malaysia Barney, J.B., (1986a), Strategic Factor Markets Expectations, Luck and Business Strategy. 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